Power transmission



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' rowER TRANSMISSION Original Filed Jan. 16, 1941 15 Sheets-Sheet 10 TT mais.

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13 Sheets-Sheet 11 May 23, 1944 c. A. NERACHER Erm. 2,349,297

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v B /u Patented May 23, ldt

` f UNITI-:D f STATE s Partnr oil-trice I POWER TRANSMISSION Carl A. Ncracher, William T. DunmAugustin i?.

' Syrovy, and Otto W. Schutz, Detroit, Mich., as-

; signors to Chrysler Corporation, Highland Park,

Mich., a corporatonoi Delaware Original application January 16, 194i, Serial No. 374,674. Divided and this application March s, 1942, Serial No. 433,920

(Ci. '1d-346) l2 Claims.

This application is a division ci our co-pending application Serial No. 374;,674, iiledin the United States Patent Oiilce on January i6, 194i.

This invention relates to power transmissions and refers more particularly to improved driving `systems for motor vehicles.`

and automatic change speed control affording improved vehicle drivig functions. i

A still further object is to provide an improved pressure lubrication system that is contained entirely within the transmission casing.

A still further object is to provide a transmission aording improved means for changing speed ratios through the medium of two positively engaging clutches, one being a friction clutch and the .other a toothed clutch. These clutches are operatively related with va pair of gear sets and 'control means is provided whereby an automatic n step-up in driving ratio may be obtained from a llow ratio to an intermediate ratio andthen to a higher ratio, one of the speed changes takingl piace ,during driving and the', other taking place upon momentary release oi the drive.

Qur improved transmission is preferably arranged so that two changes in speed ratio may be obtained automatically in forward drive, thus providing a driving arrangement which does not differ from that in conventional use in its general functions. Both of the speed ratio changes are obtained. automatically, one upon the vehicle reaching a predetermined speed, and the other upon release of the accelerator pedal when the vehicle is traveling above a predetermined speed higher than that necessary for the said one shift to take place.

It is therefore a. further object to provide an improved speed change mechanism wherein one step-up in. the driving ratio may be obtained in stantaneously upon the attainment oi a predeter=- mined vehicle speed, and a second step-up in the driving ratio may be obtained upon momentary release of the driving torque when the vehicle is travelingat a speed in excess of a predeterm mined speed higher than that at which the first step-up is obtained.

A still further object is to provide a transmis sion of the aforesaid type wherein an instantaneous kickdown to a lower speed ratio from either of two higher speed ratios may be obtained.

A still further object is to provide in a transmission of this type means for obtaining kick-v down to a lower speed ratio from a higher speed ratio without the necessity of interrupting the drive oi the engine.

We haveprovidedn improved drive system incorporating a fluid coupling and kickdown transmission so constructed as to provide great flexibility of car control with very little eort such that nearly all driving may be done without The mechanism'is further arranged so that a v shift down to a lower speed ratio, for faster acceleration, hill climbing, etc., while the vehicle is` traveling above the aforesaid higher predeter- .mined speed may be quickly and smoothly accomplished by depression of the vehicle accelerator pedal to the iull extent of its'travel, or by other equivalent control means.

manipulation of clutch pedals or gear shift levers and at the same time affording ezribility` of car control best suited to the changing requirements of torque multiplication and other power transmitting characteristics. Our driving mechanism aords improved quietness and smoothness of car operation and facilitates manipulation of the car especially under heavy trafc conditions.

With our transmission it is practicable vfor the driver to stay in a selected speed ratio setting while stopping,'and thereafter obtain rapid car starting accelerations under favorable torque multiplication, and faster ratio boulevard or country drive conditions without operating clutch pedal or gear shift lever. Accordingto the present embodiment of our invention, we have provided a transmission employing countershaft and'planetary gearing and providing four forward speeds and reverse. Manual selection of the countershaft gearing may be made to emergency low, free wheeling second and non-free wheeling second, in each of which an automatic shift in the planetary gearing occurs to a 'faster -drive ratio and back to the selected range, the automatic shifting being ei fected by natural functional manipulation of the accelerator pedal. y

Additional features of our invention are found in the provision of a\sixnplifled remote shiit mechanism for the manuakcontrol and many features of construction and functional operation which will be more apparent from the following illustrative embodiments of the principles of our invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings. in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of the power plant and transmission for a motor vehicle.

Fig. 2 is a plan view somewhat diagrammatically illustrating the power transmission assembly in relation to the vehicle driving ground wheels. Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the remote control hand shift mechanism taken as indicated by line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the Fig. 3 mechanism taken as indicated by line 4--4 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the Fig. 1 shift apparatus.

Fig. 6 is a detail sectional view taken as indicated byline 6--6 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a detail sectional view taken as indicated by line 1-1 of Fig. 6.

Fig. 7A is a detail sectional elevational view of a portion of the engine throttle operating mechanism shown in Fig.A 1.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged side view partly in section and partly in elevation showing Vthe Fig. 1 power transmission.

Fig. 9 is a. sectional elevational View through the speed ratio changing transmission which is illustrated in elevation in Fig. 8.

Fig. 9A is an enlarged sectional detail of the sun gear clutch of Fig. 9.

Fig. 9B is an enlarged detail of the sun gear brake anchorage structure of Fig. 9.

'Fig. 10 is a transverse sectional view looking forwardly as indicated by line Ill-I0 of Fig. 9, showing the transmission portion of the remote shift mechanism.

Fig. 11 is a detail elevational view taken as indicated by line Il-Il of Fig. 10, certain of the oil pressure lines being shown in dotted lines.

Fig. 12 is a plan view taken as indicated by line I2l2 of Fig. 10, certain parts being broken away to show sectional details thereof.

Fig. 13 is a detail sectional View taken as indicated byline 13-13 of Fig. 10.

Fig. 14` is a detail elevational view taken as indicated by line l4-i4 of Fig. 10, certain parts being broken away to show sectional details Fig. 16 is a detail sectional view taken as indi.

cated by the line l6|6 of Fig. 9.

Fig. 1'1 is a detail sectional view taken as indicated by the line l1--I1 of Fig. 9.

Fig. 18 is a detail sectional view taken as indicated by the line I8-I 8 of Fig. 19.

Fig. 19 is a detail sectional view taken as indicated by the line |9-I9 of Fig. 9, looking rearwardly of the transmission.

Fig. 20 is a detailed sectional view taken as indicated by the line 20-20 of Fig. 9.

Fig. 21 is an enlarged sectional view indicated by the line 2 |-2Iof Fig. 9.

Fig. 22 is an enlarged sectional view taken as indicated by the line 22-22 of Fig. 9.

Fig. 23 is an enlarged sectional view of a portion of the transmission case cover with parts broken away to show details of the hydraulic system.

Fig. 24 is a view similar to Fig. 23, but with the valve member thereof in a different operative Position.

taken as Fig. 25 is a sectional view taken as indicated by the line 25-25 of Fig. 11.

Fig. 26 is an end view of one of the governors shown in Fig. 11 with the cover removed.

Fig. 27 is an enlarged sectional detail view taken as indicated by the line 21--21 0f Fig. 26.

Fig. 28 is an enlarged detail sectional view of the synchronous blocker clutch and free wheeling control mechanism.

Fig. 29 is a sectional plan view of the clutch teeth taken as indicated by the line 29--25 of Fig. 28 showing the clutch sleeve in neutral position.

Fig. 30 is a view similar to Fig. 29 showing the clutch sleeve in free wheeling second speed ratio position.

Fig. '31. is a similar view showing the clutch sleeve in coast block position.

Fig. 32 is a similar rview showing `the clutch sleeve in drive block position.

Fig. 33 is a similar view showing the clutch sleeve in one of its engaged positions.

Fig. 34 is a sectional view taken as indicated by the line 34-34 of Fig. 28.

Fig. 35 is a diagrammatic view of the transmission control system.

We have illustrated the principles of our invention in connection with' a motor vehicle drive wherein the usual engine A transmits its drive through clutching means B, C. within casing 58, the drive then passing through the underdrive transmission D, overdrive transmission E and propeller shaft 5I (Fig. 2) to the differential 52 and thence to the vehicle ground wheels53 where it is desired to drive the rear wheelsaccordiug to 'I'he engine A has the customary intake manifold 54 and the carburetor riser 55 containing a throttle valve 56 operable by a lever 51 throughout a range between the illustrated closed throttle position for engine idling and a wide open position limited by lever 51 engaging a. stop 58. Lever 51 is adjusted by a driver operable accelerator pedal 59 pivotally mounted at 60 on the toe-board 6| to swing downwardly against restoring spring 62 to thrust through the system of Divotally jointed links 63, 64 and connecting lever 65, the latter being pivotally supported at 66.

The link 64 operates lever 51 through a. lost motion device T (Fig. 7A) serving to normally connect these parts as a solid member but affording thrust of link 64 forwardly after lever 51 has engaged its limiting stop 58 to effect the kickdown control on the transmission. Thus, link 64 has its forward end slidable in bore 61 of finger 6B which is pivoted to the lower end of lever 51. Al spring 69 acts between nger 68 and a collar 1l t fast on link 64 and yields only when link 64 is Open.

' further depression of the pedal in its kickdown range of movement for the kickdown transmission control is accommodated by yielding of spring t@ while the throttle valve remains fully On release of the accelerator pedal. springs t9 and G2 both act until collar iB engages the rear ange l2 of bracket li and thereafter, throughouty the normal range of throttle adjustment, spring t2 alone serves to restore pedal 59r and close the throttle valve. I

The kickdown range of accelerator pedal movement is utilized to eiect release of the reaction gearn of the overdrive unit for a quick change from overdrive to direct drive without necessity of engine ignition interruption. The throttle being open will causethe engine to rapidly speed up as soon as the l'awer driving ratio becomes eective.

While in the present embodiment of the invention, overtravel of the throttle adjusting mechanism for obtaining kickdown is used, it is obvious that such overtravel is not absolutely necessary, and lost motion mechanism F could be omitted without materially adecting the operation 'of the device. if mechanism T is omitted, the kickdown control switch is arranged to be closed at wide open throttle position of the lever all or just prior to the time said lever reaches that position. inasmuch as the last in.- Ycrement of movement of the throttle valve has very little effect upon engine performance, prac-- tically identical operating characteristics will be obtained without the lost motion mechanism 'I' as with it.

The lever 165 has fastened thereto a second.

lever 'it directed forwardly to provide spaced fingers it, 'l5 in the path of the actuator lt of the snap-switch 'Il which is a. control part of the kickdown mechanism. When pedal' 59 moves in its kickdown range, finger 'l5 throws actuator it rearwardly to close switch ll, the switch remaining closed until the pedal S is fully released, or substantially so, at which time finger 'it restores actuator `"I6 to'theFig. 1 position to open the switch li. A.

-We preferably transmit the drive from the engine A to underdrive transmission D through clutch means comprising a uid coupling B of the kinetic type preferably in conjunction with a releasable clutch C of a conventional design employed to facilitate manual shifts in transmission D, and to accommodate stopping the car in gear without tendency of the coupling B to cause the car to creep especially where the idle is set fast (as during winter starting), or where the throttle is accidentally opened.

The engine" crankshaft 1t drives the coupling impeller it to circulate the fluid in its veined passages to drive the veined runner 80 in amanner well known for uid couplings of the type illustrated. The runner tu drives the clutch member di of the friction clutch C Aof corn- Y mercial design. ven clutch disc t2 is'xed to intermediate drive shaft d3 and is drivingly disengaged by depressing a clutch pedal all (Fig.

amasar sie 1) which slides the throwout member tt for= wardly to operate levers tt to unload driving pressure plate 8l, springs t8 loading this plate and engaging the clutch when pedal tt is released.

Shaft 83 extends rearwardly into the housing 89 of underdrive unit D (Fig. 9) where it is yformed with a main drive pinion 9u and a set of externall driving teeth 80| which are adapted to slidably engage internal clutch teeth m2 of the synchronous coupling clutch sleeve Q (Fig. 29). Fixed to the shaft ,93 is a hub Hifi formed with external teeth M slidably engaged with the internal teeth W2 and m2' of a shiftable clutch sleeve Q which is adapted to be shifted forwardly or rearwardly by a fork H2 fixed to a. longitudinally extending shift rail H3 (Fig. 14) disposed on the left side of shaft 93 (looking forwardly of the vehicle). y

'I'he drive pinion 9@ is hollow and journals,

by a bearing 92, the forward end of the intereration of the automatic phase of the transmis sion and for lubrication thereof and is of the well known Gerotor type having an inner driving member H23 and an outer driven member i2@ dening intake and delivery chambers t2@ and H26, respectively. The driving member i2@ is secured to a shaft E21 rotatable in a stationary pump housing IZB closed by a cover t2@ at its outer end.` The upper end of shaft i211 carries a gear E3B which meshes with the pump drive gear i'l of the countershaft cluster 9i.

The intake of suction chamber E25 receives a constant supply of oil through an inlet passage ist which opens into the oil reservoir or pump E32 along the bottom of the underdrive transmission casing 89. The oil under pressure is delivered from the pump pressure chamber 92B upwardly through the delivery passage i311 (Figs. l0 and 14) which is in communication with a restriction valve 94 (Fig. l25). The valve s@ has a. plunger 9d' which is adapted to be moved against the pressure of a regulating spring 95 for controlling the ow of fluid to the direct speed fluid pressure motor. 4

The cluster 91 is further formed with gears 06, H03 and lila'. Gear H06 is in constant mesh with a gear M19 which is freely journalled on driven shaft 93. 4The reverse gear E08 is permanentlymeshed with an idler gearilt (Figs. 18 and 19).

j A gear H9 slidably splined on the shaft 93 is adapted to be shifted by a. shift fork U20v into mesh with the gear |08 to establish emergency low speed ratio drive, or into mesh with the gear H08' to establish reverse drive.

A pair of synchronizing blocker 'rings IM, itv are respectively disposed between the hub idd and gears 9@ and itt and are driven with hub HM with slight rotational clearance (Fig. 28). These blockers have cammed teeth H6, Ht', Ill, the pitch circle thereof being the same as that of sleeve teeth int and M2', and teeth itand M0. and they are adapted to frictionally engage the cone-shaped clutching surfaces and respectively. If desired, energizing springs |22 may be provided between the blockers to lightly urge them into engagement with cones I I0' and respectively so that the blocker teeth IIB, ||1 are misaligned with the sleeve teeth |02 thereby preventing shift of sleeve Q as long as the parts to be clutched are rotating at different speeds. The Asynchronizing blocker rings are more fully described and claimed in the copending application of O. vE. Fishburn, Serial No. 180,840, filed December 20, 1937.

As illustrated in Figs; 9 and 28. the second or intermediate speed driven gear |09 has clutch teeth ||0 formed thereon and is provided with a reduced sleeve portion |I0 which extends forwardly in telescoping relation with the hub |04. A roller clutch, designated generally by the letter F, is disposed between the hub |04 and the extension H8 as more clearly shown in Fig. 22. The hub |04 has cam surfaces |9 formed therein which are adapted to cooperate with rollers to provide a one-Way driving connection between the hub and sleeve portion H0 when the rollers are wedged between the said cam surfaces and the outer cylindrical surface of the sleeve. A cage |2| retains the rollers in properly spaced relation. A coil spring |23' is operatively connected between the cage |2| and the hub |04 and urges the cage and rollers in a counterclockwise direction of rotation as indicated by the arrow in Fig. 22.

The cage |2| is provided with a pair of diametrically oppositely directed fingers |24 which extend radially outwardly through slots |25 provided in hub |04. The fingers |24' are 'shaped 'as shown in Fig. 29 and are of such length'that gagement of the chamfered ends thereof with the chamfered ends of the blocker teeth until the gear |00 and the sleeve become synchroniz'ed through the Aaction of the clutching engagement of the blocker at surface Upon synchronization of the.'teeth |02 and ||0, the blocker will be rotated to non-blocking position assisted by the pressure of the teeth |02 and |02' and the teeth |02'and |02' will slide through the teeth I1 and in to engagement with the teeth ||0. 'I'his position of the sleeve Q is known as the non-freewheeling-second-speed-ratio position andthe drive from the shaft 03 is transmitted through gea'rs $0, 00, |00 and I I0, sleeve Q and hub |04 to shaft 03.

Forward shift of the sleeve Q from itsFlg. 29 position to its Fig. 3 0 .position will permit the finger |24 to rotate forwardly (clockwise) sufficiently under the action of the spring |22' to lock rollers |20A between the cam surfaces ||0 and the outer cylindrical surface of the sleeve portion 0 of gear |00 thereby forming a oneway overrunning drive connection between gear |09 and hub |04. This position is known as the free-wheeling-second-speed-ratio position and the drive from shaft 03 is transmitted to shaft 02 The hub ma is provided in its from face with mits relative movement therebetween as will be more fully explained hereinafter.

Similarly, the rear face of hub |04 is provided with a series of slots |20', of which there are four, for receiving the driving lugs |29' of the' blocker member ||5.

Fig. 29 illustrates the positions of the various parts when .the sleeve Q is in neutral position with the tailshaft |03 stationary and the engine running with the clutch C engaged. Under these conditions and looking from the forward end of the vehicle the gear 90 is rotating clockwise and the blocker I4 is rotated by friction to the position shown, the lugs |21' thereof engaging the leading sides of the slots |26'. Similarly, the gear |09 is rotating clockwise thereby causing the lufzs |29 of blocker ||5 to engage the leading sides of the slots |28'. l

The finger |24', which-is biased Ato clockwise rotation. is held in the neutral zone by one of the long sleeve teeth |02, the rollers |20A of clutch F being likewise inl neutral as illustrated in Fig. 22.

When sleeve Q is shifted rearwardly (by means which will be described later on herein) the sleeve teeth |02 and |02 will be blocked by enthrough gears 00, 06, |00, |00, rollers |20 and hub |04. Shift of the sleeve to this position will be blocked by engagement of the long teeth |02 with the long blocker teeth H6' until the sleeve Q becomes synchronized with the gear $0 through the actionof the clutching surface H0. It will be noted that the long teeth |02 are chamfered at their forward ends and the teeth H6 are correspondingly chamfered to assist the unblocking movement of the blocker at the instant of synchronization. Fig. 30 illustrates the relative positions of the lugs |21 and the teeth in freewheeling-second-speed-ratio position.

Further movement of the sleeve Q forwardly during rotation of pinion 00 will be prevented by engagement of the short teeth |02' with the short blocker teeth ||0 as illustrated in Fig. 32. This position is known as the drive-block position and occurs during normal operation of the transmission under conditions when the sleeve Q is urgedv forwardly either by manual or power actuated means (as will be hereinafter explalned) during the time that pinion 00 is rotatlng faster than the shaft 03.

Release of the vehicle accelerator pedal during driving in drive block position will cause the pinion 90 to drop off infspeed and when it drops to a speed slightly below the speed of the shaft 93 (which action is assisted by the clutching action of the blocker ||4 at the surface ||0') the blocker ||4 will relatively speaking be rotated backwardly (counterclockwise) to unblock the teeth |02-|02' and permit these teeth to pass through into engagement with the clutch teeth |0I. This position is illustrated in Fig. 33 and is the direct drive position of the sleeve Q, the shafts 03 and '9J being locked to one another.

During operation of the transmission it sometimes occurs that an attempt will be made to shift the sleeve Q into direct drive position durlng the time that the shaft 03 and hub |04 are rotating faster than pinion 00. Under such conditions the shift will be prevented by the short blocker teeth IIB which will be engaged. by the long teeth |02 of the sleeve. This is the coast-block position illustrated in Fig'. 31. If the pinion is accelerated'in' speed. While the parts are in the Fig. 31 position the blocker |\|4 unblock the teeth |02 but the sleeve will not be Y completely unblocked because thev short blocker teeth ||6 will then be engaged by the short sleeve teeth |02 in the drive-block position of the sleeve.

It is therefore apparent that the sleeve Q is blocked against shift under all conditions except when the teeth to be engaged thereby are rotating at substantially synchronous speed re1- atively thereto. In addition, shift of vsleeve Q to drivingly engage vthe rollers of overrunning clutch F is prevented unless parts |04 and H6 of the clutch are synchronized. These shifting functions will be hereinafter further explained in connection with the operation of the entire transmission.

4The mechanism for shifting sleeve Q will now i be described. Referring to Figs. 10 to 14, inclusive, it will be seen that the shift yokes or forks H2 and |20 are slidablymounted on a rod |3| carried by the casing 39. Slidable with the yoke I I2 is a rail ||3, one end of which is carried by a boss |32.A The other end portion of the rail is provided with a slot |33 which slidably receives a pin |34-. The latter is xed at each end in a piston 35 slidably disposed in a cylinder |36 formed in the casing. A spring |33 surrounds the rail ||3 and abuts the inner surface of the piston and the adjacent surface |33 1 of a shift element |40.-..The latter is slidable on the rail I3 and is adapted to abut the portion |4| of the yoke ||2 to shift the latter into freewheeling-second-speed ratio manualcontrol of a shift finger |42 which is adapted to engage a slot (Fig. 14) provided in the element |40. Forward shifting movement of the element |40 is limited by a pair of abutment rods |44 which engage the element and 4prevent shift thereof beyond the free-wheeling-secondspeed-ratio position.

The rail ||3 is further provided with a bore |45 in which is disposed a. second' coil spring |46. The latter abuts the pin |34 and the closed end of the bore. Fluid under pressure is adapted to enter cylinder |36 through passage |41, suitable control mechanism, hereinafter to be described, being provided. When the rail H3, yoke ||2, sleeve Q and element |40 are in freewheeling-second-speed ratio position, admission of fluid into cylinder |36 will cause forward movement 'of piston |35` thereby compressing springs |38 and |46, the pin |34 sliding forwardlyinl the slot |33. -If the sleeve Q .is at this instant blocked against shift to direct drive position the yoke ||2 cannot, of course, shift. When the sleeve is unblocked it will be shifted to direct drive position by the spring |46 and retained in this vposition as long as pressure is on in cylinder |36. An outlet. port l|48 is pro- 4second-speed position is accomplished manually .by swinging -linger |42 clockwise of Fig.' 12 thereby shifting the sleeve -into engagement'with the clutch teeth ||0`, and moving the rail ||3 and its vassociated'mechanism bodily toward the right,

position undery the movement of piston |36 being accommodated by the space |49 in the cylinder head |50.

The low-reverse ratio shift yoke v|20 has a portion |5| iixed to a rail |30 which is disposed parallel to and below the rail H3 for sliding movement in the bosses |52-|53. Shift of the rail |30 to the right of Figs. 13 and 14 will engage gear ||8 with reverse idler ||8 (Fig. 19) and shift thereof to the left will engage gear H9 with the low speedcountershaft gear |08. Suitable detent mechanism is provided for releasably holding the rails in their various positions. A detent ball |54 is adapted to engage the central of three recesses |55 for holding the rail ||3 in neutral position.l When the rail is shifted to non-free-wheeling-second-speed position the ball |54 engages the left hand recess, and when the rail is shifted to free-wheelingsecond-speed position the ball engages the right hand recess. The rail is retained in direct drive position by the fluid pressure in the cylinder |36 so no detent is necessary.

The rail |30 is provided with recesses |56 which are engaged by a detent ball |51 to releasably hold the rail in neutral, low and reverse positions. -An interlock pin |58 (Fig. 14) is adapted to engage one or the other of recesses |53 and |60 provided in rails ||3 and |30 respectively to prevent shifting of one rail when the other is in driving position.

The shift finger |42 is carried by a collar |59 which is slidably carried on a rockshaft |60. The latter is carried by a pair of aligned bosses |6||62 formed in the cover plate |63 which is adapted to be secured to the left hand side of the casing 89 over the opening provided therein and shown in Fig. 14. The collar-|59 is non- The spring continuously urges the collar upwardly and yiellably retains the finger |42 in engagement with the slot |43 of element |40 (Fig.

' vided in the cylinderto prevent -building up of l 14). A U-shaped lever |61 pivoted to the cover |63 by shaft |68 (Figs. 11 and13) has rounded end portions which bear on the top surface of the washer |164. A lever |69 (Figs. 1 and'13) is xed to the shaft |68 at the outside of the cover by a nut |10. Swinging of the lever |69 will move the collar |59 downwardly of the rockshaft |60 against the force of spring |65 to disengage the :linger |42 from slot |43 of element |40 and engage 'it in slot |10 of the portion |5| of yoke I 20.

'I'he rockshaft |60 has a shift lever |1| (Flgs. 1 and 10) fixed thereto by a nut |12 for rocking the same to eifect shift of rail ||3 or |30 depending upon which of the particular slots is engaged by finger |42.

The shift lever |1| and selector lever |69 are controlled by suitable mechanismv illustrated in Figs. -1 and i to '1, inclusive.

A shift lever |13 is carried by the vehicle steering column, indicated generally by numeral |14.

The lever |13 is carried .directly by a casing |15 having separable sections mounted on the steering column |14. The said lever has a knob 16 on its outer end and a, forked inner extremity |11 disposed within the casing |15. Provided on the lever |13 adjacent itsforked end is a bailshaped enlargement |13 which is disposed between wear plates |19 and |19A mounted on the opposite side walls of an arcuate slot Informed in the casing |15 through which the. lever |13 extends. The enlarged portion |18 of the control lever has a bore in which a spring .pressed detent ball I8| is disposed. Detent ball |8| is adapted to engage in an aperture formed in the lower wear plate |19 when the lever |18 is centrally located with respect to the opposite ends of the slot. The steering column generally indicated at |14 includes an outer tube on which the casing |15 is mounted and an inner tubular steering shaft |82 which is provided with a steering wheel |83 at the top end thereof as is conventional in the art. The steering shaft |82 extends longitudinally of the steering column and is centrally located with respect to the longitudinal axis thereof.

A tubular shaft |84 extends longitudinally of the steering column and is 'axially slidably and rotatably supported by the column structure. Mounted in the upper open end of lthe tubular shaft |84 is a sleeve I85`which is welded or other-V wise suitably secured thereto and which extends beyond the upper extremity of this shaft. A collar |86 is concentrically mounted on theportion of the sleeve |85 which extends beyon'd the shaft |84 and is detachably and non-rotatably held thereon by a nut |81 threaded on the upper end portion of the sleeve as shown in Fig. 3. The collar |86 is provided with dlametricallyopposed bosses in which are formed holes for receiving bolts |88.which fasten the apertured end portions of the fork |11 to the collar. The bolts or pins |88 pivotally attach the lever to the bosses and the enlarged portion |18 of the lever serves as a fulcrum about which'the lever .may be oscillated in a vertical plane to shift the shaft |84 axially of thesteering column. The shaft |84 may be rotated about its axis which is coincident tothe longitudinal axis of the steering column byswinging the lever |13 about the axis of the steering columnand during this movement of the lever the enlarged portion |18 thereofA slides freely on the bearing surfaces provided by the wear plates |19 and |19A with which the walls of the slot |88v are lined. i l

At the bottom of the steering column the tube |14 thereof is provided with a slot |89 through which a lever |98 extends. This lever is welded to the lower end of the tubular shaft |84 as illustrated in Fig.v 6 and is connected by means of a pin 9| with an operating rod |92. v i

Partlyfsurrounding the slot |89 is a housingr structure l|93 which has a tab |94 on which is pivoted-a bellcrank lever |95, the latter having a. rounded endportion |96 Awhich bears against the enlarged portion |91 ofthe lever |98. On the opposite side of the steering column the housing structure |93 has a depending bracket |98 which supportsthe upper end of a Bowden cable structure |99. The flexible, motion-transmitting cableV 288 of theBowden cable structure isconnected with the lower leg 28| 4of the bellcrank |95 and a spring- 202 is connected between the ,bellcrank lever and the bracket |98 in such manner that` the bellcrank lever continuously/urgesthe shaft .|84 upwardy ofthecolumn |14. n l The red |92 is connected' with one leg of assecing movement about the axis of the steering co1- umn in two paths, the said paths being disposed in parallelism onel below the other.' In shifting the ratio establishing mechanism incasing 88 the lever |13 may be rocked'upwardly of the steering column which shifts the shaft |82 axially downwardly of the steering .column thereby rocking the bellcrank |95 about its pivot which in turn,

.through the medium of the Bowden cable structure, swings the selector lever |89 clockwise of Fig. 1 thereupon effecting downward movement of the collar |59 against the force of the spring |65 to disengage the shift finger |42 from the slot |43 and engage it in the slot |18.

cndbellcrank jl'everf283 -pivoted at 284 on the block of the vengine "A, the other leg of. saidbelb.

cranklever being pivotally connected at1285with an operating rod 288 which is pivotally connected at its rearward end with theshift lever The f opposite end ofthe motion transmitting cable 2 88 of kthe 'Bowden cablestructure |99"'is"co'nnected The lever |13 is then adapted to be swung in its upper path of movement. Swinging of the lever in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 4 will cause the bellcrank lever 283 topbe swung in a clockwise direction, this in turn. through the medium of the operating rod 286, causing the shift lever |1| to be swung clockwise cf Fig. l2 whereupon gear |I9 is shifted into ensagement with reverse idler I8. Swinging of the lever |13 clockwise of Fig. 4 shifts the gear ||9 into engagement with low speed drive gear |88.

Counterclockwise swinging of lever |13 in its lower path of` movement will effect shift of, the coupling sleeve Q into vengagement with clutch teeth I8 thereby establishing non-free-wheelingsecond-speed-ratlo setting of the transmission, the finger |42, of course, being engaged with the slot |43.l Clockwise swinging of the lever |13 will l effect shift of sleeve Q into free-wheeling-secondspeed-ratio-setting, the shifting movement of the sleeve Q being limited by engagement of the member |48 with the rod |44.

Referring now to Figs. 9, 9A and 2l, it may be seen that the intermediate drive shaft 93 is supported `byan anti-friction bearing 281 carried by an adapter plateA 288 which is disposed between the housing 89 and a housing 289 which encloses the overdrive unit E. 'Ihe housing 89, plate 288 and housing 289 are all secured together by suitable securing means, one of the cap screws forming a part vthereof being shown at 2 I8.

The rear end portion of lthe shaft 93 is splined at 2|| for connection with the planet carrier 2|2 of the planetary overdrive unit E. 'I'he carrier 2 2 is provided with mating splines 2|3 and carries a plurality of axles 2|4 on which are rotatably mounted a plurality of planet pinions 2|5. The lattervmesh respectively with a sun gear 2li rotatably carried on the shaft 934 and an annulus gear 2 |1 which has a hollow portion 2|8 extending rearwardly to a splined connection al; 2| 8 with the tailshaft |83.

The carrier` 2 |2 has a. rearwardly extending sleeve portion formed in `its outer surface with a plurality of cams 228 vwhich'are adapted to cooperate with the rollers 22| of an overrunning overrunning'the shaft |83.4 y

Slidably splined on the sungear 2|6 at 225 isa sleeve 226 provided with outer splines 221. At the reary end `of" tl'xesle'eif'e 225, the splines are enlargedfto form clutch `teeth 228 which are adapted tomesh: with clutch teeth v'229 integrally formed on the carrier 2l2. A pair of annular brake elements 299 are carried on the splines 2-21, the rearwardly disposed element being prevented from sliding relative to the sleeve 226 by a snap ring 23 i The brake elements 236 are adapted for friction engagement by a plurality of'brake shoes 232 which are formed oaf friction material. The shoes `or bands 232 are anchored to the casing 299 at four places, Fig. 9B showing one of the anchoring devices in detail.

The brake shoes 232 are carried by annular metal plates 233 which, are provided with integral ears 239. The ears 234 extend into slots 235 formed in the housing 299 and shaped to receive the ears. A coil spring 236 acts to urge the outer plates 233 apart, the spring surrounding a bolt 236 which passes through all three ears as illustrated. The linside plate 233 is urged to spaced relation by a spring 231 which is carried by a cup-like sleeve 239 disposed between the forward t and middle ears as shown.

The brake shoes 232 are urged into frictional engagement with the elements 239 by a hydraulic piston 299. This piston is of annular shape and surrounds the planetary gearset as illustrated in Fig. 9. The piston has an annular rearwardly extending portion 24i which snugly engages the inner surface of a cylinder 244 formed interiorly of the casing 299 as shown. The casing has a shoulder 243 which extends around the upper half thereof to form a cylinder head, the lower portion of the head being formed inside the casing. Suitable piston rings 242 are provided to insure a good seal.

Thelower portion of vthe cylinder 244 is provided with an opening 245 which .communicates with a chamber 246,: the latter in turn, being open t0 a Supply pipe or conduit 241.

Admission of pressure fluid into chamber 246 causes forward movement of the piston 249 thereby compressing the 'brake elements239 and the brake shoes 292 to hold the sun gear 216v against rotation. It will be seen from Figs. 9, 9A and 9B that. as the rear brake element 239V moves forwardly, it also shifts the sleeve 226forwardiy so that the clutch teeth 229 are disengaged from the clutch teeth 229. The carrier 2i2`is therefore disengaged from driving relationship with the sun gear 296 when the brake is set to render the sun gear non-rotatable.

Forward movement of the brake elements and shoes compresses the springs 236, 231 and also the springs 246 and 249. The spring 248 acts between the rear brake element 239 and a ring 259 which bears against the adapter plate 293,11 vsleeve 25! partially enclosing the spring and having a lip engaging the forward brake element in a manner similarto the arrangement of the springs "236. There are a plurality of springs 248 corresponding in number to the springs 236 so that the brake elements and shoes will be maintained in positive non-dragging relationship at all times when pressure is oi in chamber 246. The vspring 249 is of greater force than the springs 236, 231 and 243 and bears on the ring 259 and the forward brake element 239 and assists the action of these springs.

gear 252 whicnmeshes with a second helical gear 253 carried on the central portion of a shaft 25,4

which is rotatable in bosses 255. On each end of shaft 254 is secured a plate 256. Ech of these plates has a casing 251secured thereto by screws 258. The casings 251 each contain governor actuated switch mechanisms referred to generally4 by the lettersGand G.

The governor mechanisms G and G (Figs. 17, 26 and 27) are each rotatable in the round recesses 259 provided in the casing 299. Each governor comprises a shaft 269 which is rotatable with thel shaft 254. `The shaft 269 has a head 26| which carries a pair of weights 262 carriedby pivot pins 263. The weights are constrained to swing in unison by reason of an equalizer connection 264 and each weight has a stop -pin 265 operable in a slot 266 in head 25|. The weights are yieldingly urged inwardly by a flat leaf spring 261 which is bowed between stops 268 carried by the weights and after the shaft 259, during car acceleration, is rotating at a predetermined desired speed, the weights swing out thereby further bowing and tensioning the spring 261 and opening the switch which is operably associated with the weights. These switches may be of any suitable construction and the operation thereof will be described later on in connection withthe description of operation f the transmission.

The governors G and G' are adapted to operate being necessary to the operation of the transmission to have the governor G, which controls operation of the overdrive piston 249, open its switch at a low speed, andto have the governor G', which controls operation of the direct drive piston |35, open its switch at a relatively higher speed. The governors may be given any desired operating characteristics by substituting various springs 261 of different strengths.

Both governors are constructed s o that there is a differential in the operation of .the respectively associated switches, the mechanism being arranged so that the switches close at a'much lower speed than that required to open them although such relationship may be varied fas desired.

Accordingly, the governor weights 262 of governor G' may each carry a ball detent 269 loaded4 -adjustably by a spring 219 such that as the eration of the governor by varying the position of the spring tensioning screws 21|.

The governor G is constructed in a similar manner and operates to hold the overdrive gear train in overdrivlng position until the carspeed p is reduced to a lower value than that at which The teeth 226-229-are of the well known Maybach type and are adapted to engage under the action of the springs 236, 231, 249 and 249 when pressure is of! in chamber 246. y

The rearwardly extending portion 219 of the annulus gear 2I1 is provided with a cylindrical portion on which is non-rotatably carried a helical the shift to overdrive is made on car acceleration.

The tailshaft |93 has a helical gear 213 (Figs. 9 and 20:) splined thereon which meshes with a mating gear 214 carried by a shaft 215-which is mounted in bosses 216-211 in casing 299.

The outer end of the shaft 215 carries' a connection member 218adapted to be connected to the flexible cable (not shown) of a regular speedometer drive mechanism. A ball or other suitable type of bearing 219 supports the tail shaft i93' at the rear end of the casing 299, a suitable seal 266 being interposed between the shaft and casing -v 

